【Abstract】 Objective The aim of this study was to assess mental health condition, coping styles and social support in chronic hemodialysis patients, to compare the 3 parameters with those from healthy control group, and to discuss patients’ coping styles and social support for the prediction of their mental health. Methods Chronic hemodialysis patients and their control subjects were surveyed with Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ) and Social Support Rating System (SSRS). Data were analyzed by t test, product moment correlation and multiple stepwise regression analysis using the software SPSS15.0. Result Mental health condition, social support and positive coping style were significantly lower in patients than in the control group, while passive coping style was higher in patient group. Their positive coping styles, total score for social support, subjective social support and objective social support correlated significantly with their mental health condition. Either two coping styles or subjective social support were accepted by the multiple stepwise regression model. Conclusion The mental health was relatively worse in chronic hemodialysis patients than in control group. Specific coping style and social support were useful for the prediction of mental health condition.