【Abstract】 Objective To observe serum protein loss in uremia patients treated with conventional hemodialysis (HD), hemodiafiltration (HDF) and high-flux dialysis reprocessing (HFDR). Methods We recruited 52 uremia patients treated with maintenance hemodialysis in Beijing Zhong Guan Cun Hospital, and randomly divided them into HD group (n=20), HDF group (n=20) and HFDR group (n=12). We prospectively observed protein content in discharged fluid in the 3 groups, and serum albumin change after HD and HFDR for half a year and one year. Results (a) Protein concentration in discharged fluid was lower in HD group (1.14±0.52 mg/dl) than in HFDR group (1.37±0.45 mg/dl, P＜0.05), and the concentration in HFDR group was significantly lower than that in HDF group (3.39±1.60mg/dl, P＜0.01). (b) Protein concentration in discharged fluid did not change significantly if the high-flux dialyzer was reused for less than 20 times after reprocessing by the automatic dialyzer reprocessing machine (P＞0.05). (c) After the treatment for half a year and one year, no significant differences in serum albumin was found between HD group (half a year, 37.97±2.54 mg/dl; one year, 36.69±1.84 mg/dl) and HFDR group (half a year, 37.83±2.13 mg/dl; one year, 37.26±2.46mg/dl, P＞0.05). Conclusions Conventional HD therapy causes less protein loss. HFDR may not result in excess protein loss and decrease of serum albumin, if the dialyzer was reused within permissible times. HDF causes more protein loss.