Abstract: The prevalence of cardiovascular disease in inpatients with type 2 diabetic kidney disease YAO Luan-di, NI Zhao-hui, CHE Xia-jing, WANG Qin, CAO Li-ou, MOU Shan, ZHANG Min-fang, WU Qing-wei, YAN Yu-cheng, DAI Hu-ili, GONG Cheng-ping, QIAN Jia-qi. Renal Division, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 20012, China
Corresponding author: NI Zhaohui; Email: profnizh@126.com
【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in inpatients with type 2 diabetic kidney disease (DKD) by analyzing their CVD history, carotid atherosclerosis and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). Methods We recruited 245 inpatients with type 2 DKD, and assigned them based on GFR into early-medium stage group (GFR>30 ml/min/1.73m2), medium-advanced stage without dialysis group (GFR≤30 ml/min/1.73m2), or dialysis group. Results A total of 245 cases were enrolled, of which 146 cases were males and 99 were females. The average age was 64 (55-70) years. Carotid artery examination was conducted by Doppler ultrasonography in 150 cases, of which 88 cases (58.3%) were found to have carotid artery plaques. In the 33 cases in early-medium stage group, 21 (63.6%) cases already had the arterial plaques. All patients exhibited increased intima-media thickness (IMT) of carotid artery and increased common carotid artery resistance index, as compared with the normal reference values. Cardiac ultrasonography was performed in 153 patients, of which 120 cases (78.43%) showed left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). In the 36 cases in early-medium stage group, 21 cases (58.33%) already had LVH. A total of 147 cases had a history of CVD (60%), much higher than the prevalence rate in general population in USA (36.3%), and the higher CVD history rate was present in all of the 3 groups. In early-medium stage group, the prevalence rate of CVD already reached to 47.8%. With the progress of diabetic kidney disease, the prevalence rate of CVD became higher in medium-advanced stage group (67.9%, P=0.011, as compared with the rate in early-medium stage group). Conclusion Carotid atherosclerosis and LVH are very frequently found in patients with type 2 DKD. The prevalence rate of CVD is significantly higher in these patients than in general population. CVD occurs earlier even in the early-medium stage of the disease.

Key words: Cardiovascular disease, Carotid artery plaque, Left ventricular hypertrophy