Abstract: Objective There are only a few studies on the supplement of -ketoacid for the improvement of nutritional status in dialysis patients evaluated by the subjective methods. In this study, we used the objective parameters and the subjective nutritional assessment for the evaluation of -ketoacid to the nutrition status of dialysis patients. Methods Twelve hemodialysis patients and 12 CAPD patients, who were >60 years old with serum albumin <35g/L, received daily oral supplemental -ketoacid for 6 months. Their body mass index (BMI), serum albumin, pre-albumin, C-reactive protein, cholesterol and triglycerides, Kt/V, dietary protein intake (DPI) and dietary energy intake (DEI) were monitored. Meanwhile, we used the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) and the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) for the evaluation of nutritional status in these patients. Results ① In the malnutrition patients, the scores from SGA and MNA were lower, indicating the consistency between the two results from the objective and subjective methods. ② After the -ketoacid treatment, their appetite and serum albumin were improved. These effects began after 3 months, and further improvement was found after 6 months of the treatment. After the -ketoacid supplementation, DPI and DEI increased, and scores from SGA and MNA rose, suggesting the improvement of their nutritional status. Conclusion Oral supplemental -ketoacid significantly improves the low serum albumin and the overall nutritional status in elderly and malnutritional dialysis patients.