Abstract: Objective To evaluate the efficiency of two antibiotic prophylactic regimens in our peritoneal dialysis center. Methods Retrospective analysis of 173 patients undergoing insertion of catheters from October 2008 to October 2012. The prophylactic regimens were a single dose of cefazolin (0.5g) given intravenously 3 hours before surgery (Group A) and given cefazolin (0.25g/L) in each dialysis bag within 3 days postoperatively (Group B). Patients in group C were not administered antibiotics preoperatively for at least 3 days before surgery, they were not administered antibiotics postoperatively for at least 3 days after surgery either. Patients were monitored for peritonitis in the following 14 days after surgery. Results One of 101 patients (0.99%) in the group A , and two of 48 patients (4.17%) in the group B, and four of 24 patients (16.67%) in the group C showed peritonitis during the post-operative period (within 14 days). Peritonitis developed in group A compared with group B, P＞0.05. Peritonitis developed in group A compared with group C, P＜0.01. Peritonitis developed in group B compared with group C, P＞0.05. Conclusion There is significant difference in the incident of peritonitis between group A and group C. Absence of prophylaxis is associated with a high risk for developing postoperative peritonitis. Given cefazolin in each dialysis bag within 3 days postoperatively can reduces the risk for postoperative peritonitis. And it did better than A single dose of cefazolin given intravenously before surgery.

Key words: Peritoneal dialysis, Peritonitis, Cefazolin, Antibiotic prophylactic