Abstract: Objective: By dietary investigation, the common dietary problems and relative factors of the maintenance hemodialysis(MHD) patients are analyzed, and the importance in the dietary investigation of the nutrition assessment of MHD patients is discussed. Methods 30 cases of MHD patients are randomly selected, 3-days weight dietary record method is adopted, 3-days nutritional intake amount is caculated, in reference to the nutritional treatment plan and EBPG guideline on nutrition in the《Consensus on Cronic Kidney Disease Nutrition(2005)》[1] and recommended intake amount in the《EBPG Guideline on Nutrition (2007) 》[2] according to the patients'food categories, the the dietary guidance and analysis are carried out. In the 30 patients, 18 are with hyperphosphatemia. According to the blood phosphorus level, the group 1 (8 cases, blood phosphorus level before dialysis is 1.7-1.9mmol/L), and the group 2 (10 cases, blood phosphorus level before dialysis is 2.01-2.65mmol/L) are devided. Results ① The BMI of 30 patients are between 18.5-33.6kg/m2 (24.10±4.43), 5 were of emaciation, 6 were of obesity. ② The total calorie and protein intake is irrational in some patients. 8 cases intake too much calorie and protein, and 13 cases intake too less calorie and protein. ③ The average dietary intakes of protein (65.01±4.29g)and phosphorus (883.37±60.32mg) among of 18 hyperposphatemic patients are greater than control group (51.10±3.87g,t=2.263,P=0.032；699.67±57.36mg,t=2.097,P= 0.045). ④ In the hyperphosphatemia group 1, the mean dietary phosphorus intake (1041.51 ± 87.62mg, F= 6.857 ,P=0.004), mean dietary protein intake (73.76±5.49g, F=5.177, P=0.012), and mean animal-related protein intake(171.50±20.00g, F=3.429,P=0.047) are all higher than the other groups.There are statistics difference; In the hyperphosphatemia group 2, the mean dietary rich intake(133.85±17.29，F=4.439，P=0.022)are higher than the other groups,There is statistics difference. Conclusion By dietary investigation, the patients'food composition and dietary habbit can be comprehended, the main cause for malnutrition can be discovered.

Key words: Dietary investigation, Maintenance, hemodialysis, Hyperphosphatemia