Abstract: 【Abstract】Objective To analyze the differences in age, primary cause, and area distribution in the new hemodialysis cases from urban and rural areas of Hebei province in 2013, and to explore the risk factors of end stage renal disease (ESRD) for the build-up of its prevention strategies. Method The information about new hemodialysis cases in Hebei province from Jan. 1, 2013 to Dec. 31, 2013 was recruited and retrospectively analyzed. Data acquisition was performed from the National Hemodialysis Patient Information Registration System. Result ① In the new hemodialysis cases in 2013, 1032 (58.27% ) were from rural area, 739 (41.73%) from urban area; ② cases from rural area were significantly younger than those from urban area (50.61±15.18y vs. 55.28±15.76y; P<0.01); ③ the most important primary cause of ESRD was chronic glomerulonephritis, followed by diabetic nephropathy and hypertensive nephrosclerosis; ④at the beginning of hemodialysis, 65.80% in rural cases and 52.16% in urban cases used temporary central venous catheter for vascular access, and 33.84% in rural cases and 41.76% in urban cases used arteriovenous fistula for blood access. Conclusion The main causes leading to hemodialysis in Hebei province were in the order of glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy and hypertensive nephrosclerosis. The new hemodialysis cases were younger in rural area than in urban area. Temporary central venous catheter for vascular access was used more in rural ar-ea than in urban area.

Key words: Hemodialysis, Primary causes, Epidemiology, Rural and urban, Hebei province