Abstract: Objective To investigate the causes, characteristics and risk factors of peritoneal dialysis(PD)-related peritonitis. Methods We recruited 34 cases with PD-related peritonitis treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical College from Jun. 2015 to Dec. 2016 as the observation group, and 83 PD cases without peritonitis as the control group. The causes, characteristics and risk factors of peritonitis were analyzed. Results ①The main causes of peritonitis were intestinal infection (12 cases, 35.29%) and wrong operation of dialysate change (9 cases, 26.47%). ②The culture of peritoneal fluid found Gram-positive cocci in 20 cases (58.82%), Gram-negative bacilli in 13 cases (38.24%), and fungi in one case (2.94%). Grampositive bacteria were mainly epidermal staphylococcus and staphylococcus aureus, while Gram-negative baclli were mainly E. coli. Gram-positive cocci were sensitive to vancomycin, teicoplanin, and linazolamide in all cases, and the sensitivity rate to cefazolin was 70%. Gram-negative bacteria were sensitive to imipenem and meropenem in all cases, and the sensitivity rate to ceftazidime was 80%. ③Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that dialysis duration (OR=1.106, 95% CI 1.027~1.192, P=0.008), plasma protein level (OR=20.720, 95% CI 1.954~219.728, P=0.012) and serum calcium level (OR=113.847, 95% CI 9.012~1438.214, P<0.001) were the independent risk factors for PD-related peritonitis. ④cefazolin plus ceftazidime were used as the initial treatment in all cases, and then the therapeutic schedule was adjusted based on the culture results of peritoneal fluid. Thirty-one cases (91.18%) recovered. Conclusions The main causes of PDrelated peritonitis were intestinal infection and wrong operation of dialysate changes. Longer dialysis duration, lower plasma protein and serum calcium were the independent risk factors for PD- related peritonitis. Most patients in our center had a better prognosis, and only a few patients had to take out the Tenkhoff catheter.

Key words: peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis, risk factors