【Abstract】 Objective In uremic patients undergoing hemodialyis, higher serum high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) indicates the presence of micro-inflammation status. Here we studied the micro-inflammation in relation to cardiovascular events and prognosis in these patients. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 178 uremic patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Their serum hs-CRP, hemoglobin, albumin, lipids, urea nitrogen, creatinine, Kt/V and blood pressure were determined at the beginning of study. They were then assigned into high hs-CRP group (hs-CRP >3mg/L, n = 91) or normal hs-CRP group (hs-CRP <3mg/L, n = 87). Meanwhile, echocardiography was performed. Total mortality rate, cardiovascular mortality rate and frequency of cardiovascular events were recorded during the follow-up period. Results Echocardiographic studies showed that left atrial diameter (LAD), interventricular septal thickness (IVST), left ventricular diameter (LVD), and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were higher in the high hs-CRP group (P <0.05), and the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was lower in the high hs-CRP group (P<0.05). Serum hs-CRP was positively correlated with LAD, IVST, LVD, LVMI (r＝0.298, r = 0.331, r = 0.321 and r = 0.342, respectively, P <0.05), and negatively correlated with LVEF (r = -0.343, P <0.01). Total mortality rate, cardiovascular mortality rate and frequency of cardiovascular events were higher in the high hs-CRP group than in the normal hs-CRP group (P <0.05). Conclusion In uremic patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis, persistent increase of hs-CRP indicates the presence of micro-inflammation. The increase of serum hs-CRP is the independent risk factor for cardiovascular events, and is also one of the important issues for the prediction of prognosis.