Abstract: 【Abstract】Objective To explore the effects of microbiological preparations on inflammation and uremic toxins among hemodialysis patients. Methods We searched CNKI, CBM, WanFang Data, VIP, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, Web of Science, from inception to February 2019 to collect the related literature. RevMan 5.3 software was used for meta-analysis. Results A total of 10 articles involving 481 cases were included. Meta-analysis showed that the reduction of P-cresyl sulfate (PCS) was different between microbial preparations group and placebo group, with the mean differences (MDs) of -0.71 (95% CI -1.37~-0.06, P= 0.030). There were no significant changes in indoxyl sulfate (IS), CRP, urea and creatinine between the two groups, withMDs of -0.38 (95% CI -0.98~ 0.22, P=0.220) for IS,MDs of -1.49 (95% CI-8.00~5.01, P=0.650) for CRP, MDs of 1.48 (95% CI - 3.79~ 6.75, P=0.580) for urea, and MDs of - 0.15 (95% CI - 1.21~0.92, P=0.790) for creatinine. Conclusion Prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics may have an effect on hemodialysis patients. However, more rigorous design, large scale, multi-center and randomized controlled clinical trials are needed to verify the study.

Key words: Probiotics, Synbiotics, Prebiotics, Hemodialysis, Urea toxin, Meta-analysis