Abstract: 【Abstract】Patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) are prone to have hyperkalemia due to the severe impairment of renal function. The complications of diabetes, hypertension and hear failure in MHD patients further increase the risk of hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia seriously affects their prognosis, so that maintenance of serum potassium within normal range is essential to improving their clinical outcomes. Recent studies on hemodialysis and dietary management add more explorations to the prevention and treatment of hyperkalemia. The presence of sodium zirconium cyclosilicate and patiromer in the market contributes new therapeutic options to the intervention of hyperkalemia. Given that the incidence of hyperkalemia is higher and the disease burden is heavier in MHD patients in China, this article aims to review the recent advances in the management of hyperkalemia in MHD patients.

Key words: Hyperkalemia, Chronic kidney disease, Hemodialysis, Potassium-lowering drugs