Abstract: 【Abstract】Renal anemia, a common complication relating to the poor prognosis, is mainly caused by erythropoietin (EPO) deficiency and iron deficiency in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The most important medication to treat renal anemia is the erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESA), among which the firstgeneration ESA of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) is widely used currently. The most common adverse reaction of rHuEPO is hypertension, accounting for about one third of the patients using rHuEPO. Hypoxia inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor (HIF-PHI), a new type of ESA, mimics the activation of
hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) pathway under hypoxic environment through inhibition of hydroxylation and degradation of HIF and maintenance of HIF level to treat renal anemia. This paper reviews the research progress in the effect of ESAs on blood pressure during the treatment of renal anemia in CKD patients.

Key words: Renal anemia, Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, Hypoxia inducible factor, Hypertension, Roxadustat