Abstract: Protein-bound uremic toxins (PBUTs) are small molecular weight uremic toxins that easily bind to serum albumin. The accumulation of PBUTs is associated with poor prognosis in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Due to their high protein-binding capacity, PBUTs are difficult to remove by routine hemodialysis, which is currently a challenge in clinical practice. This consensus systematically described the definition, classification, metabolism, hazards, and clinical management strategies of PBUTs. Several recommendations were established based on evidence-based medicine and clinical experience. This consensus aims to help the clinicians to better understand PBUTs and develop rational treatment strategies for the management of PBUTs in MHD patients.

Key words: Protein-bound uremic toxins, Uremic toxins, Maintenance hemodialysis, Blood purification