Abstract: Objective  To explore the influencing factors for restenosis of autologous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in hemodialysis (HD) patients, so as to provide references for early identification and targeted intervention.  Methods  Computer retrieval of the literatures about influencing factors for AVF restenosis after PTA in HD patients was conducted by search of the databases of CBM, CNKI, Wanfang Database, Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase and The Cochrane Library. The retrieval time was from March 2015 to March 2025, and the meta-analysis was carried out by using software Stata 18.0.  Results  A total of 18 articles were included, with a total of 3,789 patients. Meta-analysis results showed that age (HR=1.058, 95% CI: 1.036～1.081, P＜0.001), AVF service life (HR=0.869, 95% CI: 0.665～1.074, P＜0.001), diabetes mellitus (HR=1.019, 95% CI: 1.009～1.028, P＜0.001), serum parathyroid hormone level (HR=1.042, 95% CI: 0.942～1.141, P＜0.001), serum albumin level (HR=0.744, 95% CI: 0.592～0.897, P＜0.001), abdominal aortic arch calcification score (HR=1.46, 95% CI: 0.925～1.995, P＜0.001), higher fistula position (HR=1.836, 95% CI: 1.128～2.544, P＜0.001), vascular calcification (HR=2.390, 95% CI: 1.164～3.615, P＜0.001), lesion length (HR=1.03, 95% CI: 1.001～1.060, P＜0.001), vascular access blood flow velocity (HR=0.983, 95% CI: 0.960～1.005, P＜0.001) and PTA treatment history (HR=1.632, 95% CI: 0.407～2.858, P=0.009) were the risk factors for AVF restenosis after PTA in HD patients.  Conclusion  Many influencing factors are related to AVF restenosis after PTA in HD patients. Medical staff should identify the risk factors in this kind of population at an early stage and carry out personalized intervention.

Key words: Hemodialysis, Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, Autologous arteriovenous fistula, Influencing factor