Abstract: Objective To observe plasma Adiponectin (ADPN) levels in maintenance hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients and explore the related factors. Methods The subjects consist of 20 normal control, 30 hemodialysis patients and 30 peritoneal dialysis patients. Plasma ADPN levels were measured by ELISA method. The serum IL-6, TNF-α, highsensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), pre-albumin, transferrin, triglyceride, total cholesterol levels of all dialysis patients were also measured. Patients Kt/V were calculated and patients nutrition state were assessed by subject global assessment(SGA). Results ①Plasma Adiponectin levels in the peritoneal dialysis group[(2.335±1.673)mg/L]were significantly higher than those of normal control group [(1.442±0.632)mg/L], and hemodialysis group [(1.256±0.613)mg/L], but there were no significant difference between the hemodialysis group and the normal control group； ② Plasma ADPN levels were significantly higher in the peritoneal dialysis patients with body mass index(BMI)≥25kg/m2 and with normal nutrition state than those of patients with BMI ＜25kg/ m2 and with malnutrition. ADPN was significantly positively correlated with BMI by multiple regression analysis and the regression equation was Y(ADPN)=0.611X1(BMI)-3.451；③Plasma ADPN levels were negatively correlated with age and SGA scores, positively correlated with Kt/V in the hemodialysis patients, but the independent factors of ADPN levels were age and Kt/V by multiple regression analysis and the regression equation was y(ADPN)= 2.263－0.556X1(age)+0.403X2(Kt/V)； ④ADPN levels in all dialysis patients were not significantly correlated with hs-CRP, IL-6, TNFα, triglyceride and total cholesterol. Conclusion Adiponectin was only weakly affected by renal function and dialysis replacement treatment. It was influenced by BMI in the peritoneal dialysis patients while by Kt/V and age in the hemodialysis patients. ADPN was positively correlated with nutrition status but it was not an independent factor. Moreover, ADPN was not significantly correlated with inflammation and serum lipids.

Key words: Hemodialysis, Peritoneal dialysis, BMI