Abstract: Objective To investigate the clinical effect of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for the treatment of arteriovenous fistula stenosis in hemodialysis patients． Methods Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was performed in 20 hemodialysis patients with arteriovenous fistula stenosis．The preoperative and post operative clinical manifestations，the blood rate flow during hemodialysis and the angiographic demonstrations were recorded and compared． Results After Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty，the stenotic segment was remarkably dilated in all patients．The blood rate flow increased to more than 220ml/min during hemodialysis. Angiographic demonstrations showed that the degree of stenosis was less than 30％． Conclusion As a simple， mini-invasive and safe technique with remarkable short-term effectiveness，percutaneous transluminal angioplasty is an valuable therapy for arteriovenous fistula stenosis in hemodialysis patients．

Key words: arteriovenous fistula, dialysis access, interventional therapy, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, hemodialysis