Abstract: 【Abstract】Objective To investigate the current situation and the related factors of abnormal calciumphosphorous metabolism in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods A total of 127 MHD patients in our hemodialysis center during the period of June to July 2013 were included in this study. Their demographic data and knowledge about calcium-phosphate metabolism were investigated by questionnaire. Laboratory examination results of the patients were collected from the hospital information system. Results In the 127 patients, the rate of serum phosphate in the target range was 33.1%, much lower than that of DOPPS4; the rate of serum calcium in the target range was 43.3%; the prevalence of hypocalcemia was 20.5%, higher than that of DOPPS4. The rate of iPTH in the target range was nearly the same as that of DOPPS4, but with higher rate of reduced iPTH (47.2%) and lower rate of elevated iPTH (18.1%) compared to those of DOPPS4. Only 6 patients(4.7%)reached the three target ranges of serum phosphate, calcium and iPTH. The score of calciumphosphorous metabolism knowledge was relatively low in these patients (37.19 ± 17.00). Seventythree patients (57.5%) had a habit of eating high phosphorus food; only 21 patients (16.5%) followed the suggestions from medical staffs to have appropriate food. Twenty-three patients (19.1%) took phosphate binder improperly, and 79 patients (62.2%) said that they sometimes forgot taking phosphate binders. Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that the influencing factors of hyperphosphatemia were predialysis serum BUN, dialysis duration, age, and body mass index (BMI). Conclusion The prevalence of abnormal calciumphos-phorous metabolism was high in MHD patients. Many factors may influence this abnormality. Comprehensive interventions involving dialysis, drugs and diet management need to be implemented for MHD patients with abnormal calcium-phosphorous metabolism.