Abstract: Objective To analyze the demographic trends and primary disease changes in initial maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients in Hainan Province. Methods We retrospectively reviewed all the initial MHD patients in Hainan province from January 2010 to December 2014 registered in the Chinese National Renal Data System. Their clinical data were collected from the Chinese National. Renal Data System. Results There are totally 2,607 patients (1,720 males and 887 females; males: females=1.9:1) during 2010-2014. The annual incidence in 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014 was 44.2, 59.7, 61.7, 64.7 and 63.4/per million populations, respectively. The top primary disease for initial hemodialysis patients was glomerulonephritis, followed by diabetes, hypertension, obstructive nephropathy and polycystic kidney disease. The average age for initial MHD patients was increasing. Patients over 40 years of age accounted for 72.5% of the initial MHD patients. Cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and infected events were the leading causes of death. Conclusions In Hainan province, the number of initial hemodialysis patients rises annually, and there are more male patients. The average age for initial MHD patients is gradually increasing. Patients over 40 years of age account for the main body of new MHD patients. The leading primary diseases for initial hemodialysis patients are glomerulonephritis, diabetes, and hypertension, in which diabetes patients are increasing.

Key words: Maintenance hemodialysis, Incidence, Primary disease