Abstract: Objective To investigate the effect of two empirical therapies for the treatment of peritoneal dialysis (PD)- related peritonitis. Methods Bacterial culture and drug resistance tests were performed for 134 patients with PD- related peritonitis. Fifty- nine patients were treated with cefazolin plus ceftazidime (group CC), and 75 patients were treated with vancomycin plus ceftazidime (group VC). Therapeutic efficacy was compared between the two groups. Results the rate of drug resistance was 39.42% to cefazolin, and was 45.08% to ceftazidime. No strains resistant to vancomycin were found. The infection rate of Gram-positive
bacteria was 57.63% in group CC and was 52% in group VC (χ2=0.924, P=1.026). Effective rates at the early period of the treatment and after 2 weeks were 79.66% and 91.53% respectively in group CC, and were 82.67% and 93.33% respectively in group VC, without significant difference in efficacy between the two
groups (χ2=1.041, P=0.873 for early period of treatment; χ2=0.985, P=0.926 after the treatment for two weeks). Conclusion Both the two kinds of therapies were effective for the treatment of PD-related peritonitis, and can be recommended for clinical use.

Key words: Peritoneal dialysis, Cefazolin, Peritonitis, Ceftazidime, Vancomycin , Drug sensitivity