Abstract: Anemia is one of the common complications in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Although erythropoietin- stimulating agents (ESAs) have been widely applied and are effective for anemia in CKD patents, it is impossible for some patients to maintain hemoglobin to the recommended level. Pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) induced by anti- erythropoietin antibody is present in a few cases. The pathogenesis of EPO resistance and anti-EPO antibody induced PRCA are unclear, and the prevalence of these abnormalities become increased. Here we discuss the recent advances in EPO resistance and anti-erythropoietin antibody induced PRCA.

Key words: erythropoietin, pure red cell aplasia, chronic kidney disease