Abstract: 【Abstract】Objective To explore the changes of dendritic cells and inflammatory factors in hemodialysis patients before and after dialysis. Method Twenty- two uremia patients treated in our hospital for ≥3 months were recruited as the observation group, and 25 healthy people were selected as the control group.
Changes of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (SCr), hemoglobin (Hb), C reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and dendritic cells (CD80+, CD86+, CD83+ , and CD40+ cells) were observed before and after hemodialysis in the patients in observation group. Results In observation group before hemodialysis, BUN, SCr, CRP, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α were significantly higher than those of control group (P=0.001, ＜0.001, ＜0.001, ＜0.001, ＜0.001 and＜0.001 respectively); after hemodialysis, CRP, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, BUN and SCr were significantly lower than those before hemodialysis (P=0.001, ＜0.001, ＜0.001, ＜0.001, ＜0.001 and ＜0.001 respectively). In observation group before hemodialysis, CD80+ , CD86+ , CD83+ and CD40+ cells and IL-12 were significantly lower than those of control group (P=0.001, 0.001, 0.001, 0.001 and ＜0.001 respectively); after hemodialysis, they became significantly higher than those before hemodialysis (P=0.001, 0.001, 0.001, 0.001 and 0.001 respectively) but
were still lower than those of control group (P<0.001). Conclusion Maintenance hemodialysis can significantly increase the number of mature dendritic cells in the peripheral blood of uremic patients, which may contribute to the improvement of microinflammation and clinical status of the patients.

Key words: Uremia, Hemodialysis,  Microinflammatory, Dendritic cell, Inflammatory factor