Abstract: 【Abstract】The quality of water and fluid for hemodialysis (HD) is correlated to the mortality and quality of life in HD patients because they have to be contact with huge amount of dialysate during HD. The new quality standards have been announced for one year. However, there are so many problems in the real circumstances. These problems are often ambiguous due to the unmatched evidence between clinical work and quality control (QC) of dialysis water. Therefore, it is necessary to review the references about QC of water and fluid for HD, the core and origin of QC for HD. To achieve the target of continuous quality improvement of water and fluid for HD, the comprehension of the importance of water QC in all personnel, monitoring water QC in every process and at all time, and early warning intervention when it reaches‘50% level’must be emphasized.

Key words: Hemodialysis, Quality control, Dialysate, Water for hemodialysis