Abstract: 【Abstract】Objective To investigate the effect of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) on patency of autologous arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). Methods This study consisted of 84 patients with successful PTA treated in the Department of Nephrology, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University between June 2018 and July 2019. Their clinical data and follow-up information were recruited. Patients were divided into two groups according to the level of NLR before PTA: high NLR group (n=42) and low NLR group (n=42). Survival analyses and log-rank test were used to compare the patency rate between the two groups. Multivariate Cox regression was used to analyze the interference factors for patency rate. Results There were 47 males and 37 females. The average follow- up time was 263.51±120.41 days. The rEstenosis rate was significantly higher in high NLR group compared to low NLR group (χ2=7.683, P=0.006). Serum magnesium was lower in high NLR group (t=2.486, P=0.015). The patency of AVF was significantly lower in high NLR group than in low NLR group (log rank test: χ2=7.885, P=0.005). Conclusion Higher NLR is an independent risk factor for the patency of AVF after PTA.

Key words: Neutrophil/Lymphocyte ratio, Autologous arteriovenous fistula, Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty, Patency rate