Abstract: 【Abstract】Objective To explore the risk factors of cognitive dysfunction in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients and the relationship between residual renal function and cognitive dysfunction. Methods A total of 93 MHD patients were enrolled in this study, including 31 patients with residual renal function and 62 patients without residual renal function. All patients received Montreal Cognitive Assessment Basic Scale (MOCA-B) examination and their clinical data were collected. Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of cognitive impairment. Results The mean age of the patients was 61.62±11.90 years old, and
51.6% were males. The MOCA-B score of residual renal function group was significantly higher than that of non-residual renal function group (24.61±3.58 vs. 22.11±5.75; t=-2.360, P=0.020). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR = 0.906, 95% CI: 0.854～0.961; P=0.001), neutrophil percentage (OR=0.865, 95% CI: 0.790～0.948; P=0.002), male (OR= 3.572, 95% CI:1.146～11.136; P=0.028), and residual urine volume (OR=4.243, 95% CI: 1.214～14.827; P=0.024) were the independent risk factors of cognitive impairment. Conclusion Residual renal function is one of the protective factors of cognitive dysfunction.

Key words: Residual renal function, Cognitive impairment, Maintenance hemodialysis, Neutrophil granulocyte, Male