Abstract: 【Abstract】Objective Home hemodialysis (HHD) is one of the most important treatment methods for endstage renal disease (ESRD) in the world. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of HHD in Chinese ESRD patients, and to provide evidence for HHD treatment in China. Methods The preliminary preparations include the establishment of HHD training center, the formulation of corresponding rules and regulations, management norms, and emergency plans. We selected ESRD patients from our dialysis center. The patients were trained and assessed regularly by specific medical staff and engineers. After passing the examination, patients could go home for HHD independently. A monitoring method that combines realtime Internet monitoring and traditional 24-hour telephone online services is adopted for patients. Full-time medical staff and engineers conduct regular home visits to patients to ensure their safety to the greatest extent. Collect clinical data and biochemical indicators of patients in this process. Results Four patients were included, and they received HHD training and passed the examination. After 15.0 (15.0~18.0) months of training, albumin (Alb), blood phosphorus (P), patients’dialysis adequacy and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), hemoglobin (Hgb) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) remained stable. The fistula function was monitored by ultrasound. After the patients injected the arteriovenous fistula by themselves, the fistula flow was stable without obvious change. Two adverse events occurred during the treatment. One was that the puncture of the artery tunnel was not smooth. This was solved by reconstructing the artery tunnel and guiding the fistula online. The other was that the chlorine content of tap water increased suddenly, and the technicians solved this by installing activated carbon tank. No treatment- related adverse events were reported during the follow- up period. Conclusion This study preliminarily shown that the development of HHD treatment in China is feasible and safe, but large-scale long-term studies need to be further confirmed.

Key words: Home hemodialysis, Endstage renal disease, Renal replacement therapy, Feasibility