Abstract: 【Abstract】Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of ultrasound-guided intraluminal balloon intervention to treat thrombo-occlusive disease in autologous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and artificial arteriovenous graft (AVG). Methods This was a retrospective study. Ultrasound-guided intraluminal intervention was used to treat thrombotic occlusion due to fistula stenosis in 139 cases with AVF and 76 cases with AVG for the first time at the Blood Purification Center, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University during January 2018 to December 2019. Their clinical characteristics, treatment and follow- up data were analyzed and compared with those of interventional therapy for simple fistula stenosis in this blood purification center. Results Immediate opening of the fistulas after the treatment was acquired in all 139 cases with AVF and in 74 of the 76 cases with AVG. There was no difference in patency rate after the treatment for 12 months between the first ultrasound-guided intraluminal balloon interventional therapy for fistula thrombosis occlusion and the first interventional therapy for simple fistula stenosis (For re-intervention cases, AVF: χ2=0.235, P=0.651; AVG: χ2=0.013, P=0.946. For time required for re- intervention, AVF: t=0.612, P=0.485; AVG: t=0.759, P=0.697). Conclusion Breaking up the thrombosis in occluded fistulas by using ultrasound-guided intraluminal balloon intervention has the advantages of simple manipulation, minimal invasiveness, safety and a higher immediate patency rate. This method can completely remove pathological causes, maintain integrity and prolong lifespan of the internal fistulas.

Key words: Renal dialysis, Arteriovenous fistula, Arteriovenous fistula thrombotic occlusion, Ultrasound guidance, Interventional therapy