Abstract: Home Hemodialysis (HHD) is one of the methods of renal replacement therapy for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which is performed in a home environment by patients themselves or with the assistance of others. Although HHD has appeared and is widely used abroad as early as the 1960s, the proportion of HHD fell sharply due to the establishment of a large number of dialysis centers, the emergence of peritoneal dialysis, as well as the changes in reimbursement policies. In recent years, HHD has risen again because of its unique advantages. HHD can not only increase the survival rate of patients and improve the quality of life of patients, but also is of great significance in the context of the COVID-19 epidemic. In April 2020, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine carried out the first case of home hemodialysis in mainland China, filling the gap of HHD in mainland China. With the burgeoning development of the Internet, the establishment of a standardized HHD training system and the continuous enrichment of experience, HHD is supposed to have broader prospects. 

Key words: Home hemodialysis, End-stage renal disease, Renal replacement therapy