Abstract: Objective To investigate the incidence of malignant tumors in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients in Hebei province.  Methods  A total of 20,035 subjects were extracted from the National Blood Purification Case Information Registration System before the date of December 31, 2019 according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of this study. The time of first dialysis was recorded, and the occurrence of malignant tumors in these patients was described.  Results  The standardized morbidity rate of malignant tumors was 247.9/100,000/year in the general population in Hebei Province. In the 20,035 MHD patients, a total of 113 patients were found to have newly diagnosed malignant tumors, with a standardized incidence of malignant tumors of 278.8/100,000/year; the risk of genitourinary malignancies was 1.7 times higher than that in the general population (Z=3.540, P=0.004); the standard cumulative incidence of malignancy was higher in non-diabetic patients than in diabetic patients (0.22% vs. 0.16%, χ²=340.245, P＜0.001), and was higher in women than in men (0.22% vs. 0.17%, χ²=215.845, P＜0.001).  Conclusion  The incidence of malignant tumor in the MHD patients was obviously higher than that in the general population in Hebei Province, especially the incidence of genitourinary malignancies. Therefore, monitoring of genitourinary malignancies is required to improve the quality of life and prognosis of MHD patients.

Key words: Maintenance hemodialysis, Malignant tumor, Incidence