Abstract: KD 5 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis(CKD5D). Methods  A retrospective study was conducted on 80 patients with maintenance hemodialysis and 32 healthy controls who underwent electrophysiological examinations in the 910th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army from January 2021 to December 2022. According to the electrophysiological examination results of the tibial nerve, 80 patients with CKD5D were divided into the neuropathic group (n=50) and the non-neuropathic group (n=30). Clinical information and Young's modulus (E) of the tibial nerve measured by SWE were collected. The ROC curves were conducted to assess the value of Young's modulus of the tibial nerve in predicting tibial neuropathy. Results  Compared with the non-neuropathic group and the control group, the blood sodium level in the neuropathic group was lower (F=5.360, P=0.023), and the blood potassium (F=7.081, P=0.007) and triglyceride levels (F=5.491, P=0.021) were higher. Compared with the non-neuropathic group, the dialysis time in the neuropathic group was longer (F=23.516, P＜0.001). The E value in the neuropathy group was higher than that in the non-neuropathy group and the healthy control group, while the E value in the non-neuropathy group was higher than that in the healthy control group (t=9.709, P＜0.001). The optimal E-threshold for diagnosis of peroneal neuropathy was 48.36 kPa, and the area under the curve was 0.899. At this time, the sensitivity was 84.0%; the specificity was 86.0%; the positive predictive value was 81.1%; and the negative predictive value was 88.1%. Conclusion  SWE has a high value in the diagnosis of peroneal neuropathy in patients with CKD5D and is worth further research and promotion in the future.

Key words: Chronic kidney disease, Peripheral neuropathy, Tibial nerve, Shear wave elastography