Abstract: Objective  To evaluate the clinical value of intravascular ultrasonography (IVUS) in the diagnosis and treatment of central venous diseases (CVD) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients.  Methods  Clinical data of the 5 patients with CVD treated in the Department of Nephrology, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital during February first, 2020 to March first, 2021 were recorded. The location and extent of CVD in the 5 patients were diagnosed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and IVUS.  Results  There was no significant difference in evaluating the degree of vascular stenosis between DSA and IVUS, but IVUS detected more lesions than DSA. Among the 5 CVD patients, 2 patients had mild stenosis and 3 patients had occlusion of the central vein. DSA detected 6 lesions, and 3 of them were thrombosis. IVUS detected 8 lesions, and 4 of them were thrombosis, 2 of them were aortic compression, one of them was concomitant artery compression, and one of them was caused by vessel distortion.  Conclusions  IVUS is highly sensitive and specific in identifying CVD and  its primary cause, applicable for the management and treatment of CVD.

Key words: Maintenance hemodialysis, Central venous disease, Intravascular ultrasonography, Digital subtraction angiography