Abstract: Renal anemia is one of the most common complications in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), profoundly impacting on their quality of life and long-term prognosis. With the steadily growing number of MHD patients in China, standardized management of renal anemia is essential for improving their clinical outcomes. However, there is currently no specific clinical management guidance for renal anemia in MHD patients, both domestically and internationally. To address this unmet need, the Blood Purification Committee of the Chinese Research Hospital Association organized a panel of national experts to develop this consensus based on evidence-based medicine and clinical experience. This consensus covers definition, assessment, monitoring, treatment, and patient education of renal anemia in MHD patients, aiming to further standardize the management of renal anemia, improve anemia control, and enhance patients' quality of life and long-term prognosis in MHD patients.

Key words: Chronic kidney disease, Maintenance hemodialysis, Renal anemia, Anemia of chronic kidney disease