Objective  To investigate the correlation between serum levels of regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), Eotaxin-1, neutrophil percentage to albumin ratio (NPAR) and peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis (PDAP), as well as their predictive value for clinical outcomes.  Methods  Patients with PDAP treated at Xiaogan Central Hospital from August 2021 to August 2024 were selected as the study group. Based on their outcomes one year after treatment, they were divided into a good outcome group and a poor outcome group. Peritoneal dialysis patients without peritonitis during the same period were selected as the control group. Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between each marker and PDAP. Logistic regression was used to analyze factors influencing clinical outcomes in PDAP patients. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the predictive value of these markers for clinical outcomes.  Results  A total of 138 patients were included in each of the study group and the control group. Serum levels of RANTES, Eotaxin-1, and NPAR in the study group were significantly higher than those in the control group (t=18.991, 13.335, 15.725, all P<0.001). In the study group, RANTES was positively correlated with Eotaxin-1 (r=0.379, P<0.001) and NPAR (r=0.412, P<0.001), and Eotaxin-1 was positively correlated with NPAR (r=0.343, P<0.001). Serum levels of RANTES, Eotaxin-1, and NPAR in the poor outcome group were significantly higher than those in the good outcome group (t=7.869, 7.350, 8.260, all P<0.001). Elevated serum RANTES (OR=2.752, 95% CI: 1.211～6.256, P=0.016), Eotaxin-1 (OR=1.904, 95% CI: 1.025～3.537, P=0.042), and NPAR (OR=3.408, 95% CI: 1.230～9.443, P=0.018) were risk factors for treatment failure in PDAP patients. The areas under the curve (AUC) for predicting clinical outcomes in PDAP patients were 0.831 for RANTES, 0.791 for Eotaxin-1, 0.889 for NPAR, and 0.970 for the combination of the three. The combined prediction value was significantly higher than that of each alone (Z combination - RANTES=4.140, P＜0.001, Z combination - Eotaxin-1=4.628, P＜0.001, Z combination - NPAR=3.358, P=0.001).  Conclusion  Elevated levels of serum RANTES, Eotaxin-1, and NPAR are associated with the occurrence of PDAP during peritoneal dialysis and are detrimental to the prognosis of PDAP patients. They have potential predictive value for clinical outcomes in PDAP patients.