Objective: Analyzing the effects of intradialytic neuromuscular electrical stimulation(NMES) on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods: Relevant studies were searched from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and SinoMed. A meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 and Stata 15.1 software. Results: A total of 14 studies involving 806 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that intradialytic NMES improved the quadriceps muscle strength in MHD patients (MD=4.53, 95%CI: 2.91~6.15, P<0.001), subgroup analyses revealed superior efficacy for stimulation frequencies≥50 Hz (MD=7.56, 95% CI: 5.45–9.66, P<0.001), and intervention durations≥30minutes (MD=4.72, 95% CI: 2.57–6.88, P<0.001). Intervention cycles ≥12 weeks (MD=4.47, 95% CI: 2.63–6.30, P<0.001) and <12 weeks (MD=4.82, 95% CI: 0.49–9.15, P=0.029) both improved muscle strength, but the difference between subgroups was not statistically significant (χ2=0.02,df=1,P=0.882). Intradialytic NMES improved the ?6-minute walk distance test, timed up and go test, and sit-to-stand test in MHD patients（MD=33.71，95%CI：10.25~57.17，P=0.005；MD=-0.75，95%CI：-1.35~-0.16，P=0.013；MD=2.16，95%CI：1.51~2.80，P＜0.001） and other indicators of physical functioning. There was no statistically significant difference in grip strength (MD=2.11, 95%CI: -0.39~4.61, P=0.099) between the two groups of MHD patients. Conclusion: Intradialytic NMES can improve the lower limb muscle strength and physical function of MHD patients, and medical staff can develop personalized intervention plans based on the patient's condition to achieve better clinical outcomes.