【Abstract】Objective To study the effect of heparin and high concentration glucose on cell growth and matrix biosynthesis in cultured human peritoneal mesothelial cells. Methods 3 H-thymidine incorporation for mesurement of cell growth and ELISA kits for detection of fibronectin and collagenⅠin supernatant. Semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) for detection of FN. mRNA Results Incubated in 1.36% glucose for 72 hours, HMC 3 H-thymidine incorporation rate decreases significantly（P<0.05). High concentration glucose cause time and concentration dependent decrease in 3 H-thymidine incorporation rate and heparin dosen't infect 3 H-thymidine incorporation rate when HMC was already incubated in high concentration glucose; high concentration glucose can increase the excretion of fibronectin and collagenⅠand heparin can inhibite the increase of fibronectin and collagenⅠexcretion stimulated by it. Conclusion High concentration glucose may play an important role in peritoneal sclerosis during peritoneal dialysis; heparin may be beneficial for protecting the function of peritoneum during peritoneal dialysis.