Objective To investigate an effective treatment of uremic peripheral neuropathy. Methods Forty-six patients with uremic peripheral neuropathy were assigned randomly to hemoperfusion group and hemodiafiltration group. Patients of hemoperfusion group received regular hemodialysis 3 times a week and hemoperfusion once a week. The cases of hemodiafiltration group received regular hemodialysis once a week and hemodiafiltration 2 times a week. The clinical symptoms ,the nerve reflex and the sensory conduction velocity(SCV) of median nerve，tibial nerve and lateral popliteal nerve were observed in each group before and after treatment for 1 months. Result After treatment, the clinical symptoms and nerve reflex showed better than before in each group,but hemoperfusion group was significantly better than hemodiafiltation group (P<0.05).The SCV of median nerve, tibial nerve and lateral popliteal nerve was enhanced faster more in hemoperfusion group than hemodiafiltration group (P<0.05). Conclusion Hemoperfusion and hemodiafiltration are useful for uremic patients with peripheral neuropathy.