Objective To investigate the level of serum ceruloplasmin in hemodialysis patients and the relationship between serum ceruloplasmin and iron deficiency, inflammation and peroxidation. Methods Serum ceruloplasmin, serum iron, serum transferritin, transferritin saturation, serum ferritin, interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),maleic dialdehyde(MDA) were tested in 68 hemodialysis patients and 50 healthy controls and the relationship between serum ceruloplasmin and iron metabolism, inflammation and peroxidation were analysed. Results The level of serum ceruloplasmin was higher in hemodialysis patients with（787.6±248.6）active unit/dl compared with (376.5±146.7) active unit/dl in healthy controls, P＜0.05；The longer of the hemodialysis time, the higher of the serum ceruloplasmin with the (825.3±286.7)avtive unit/dl in patients who underwent over two-year hemodialysis compared with (598.5±186.4) active unit /dl who underwent less than two-year hemodialysis, P＜0.05. Serum iron, transferritin and transferritin saturation were significant lower in hemodialysis patients than in healthy controls, P＜0.05, and showed a significantly negative relationship with serum ceruloplasmin, P＜0.05; IL-6, TNF-α and MDA were higher in hemodialysis patients than in healthy controls with a significant difference, P＜0.05, and showed a significantly positive relationship with serum ceruloplasmin, P＜0.05. Conclusions The level of serum ceruloplasmin in hemodialysis patients may comprehensively reflect the iron deficiency, inflammation and peroxidation. 