Objective To investigate the effect of pedicled omental transposition on type IV collagen mRNA in glomerulosclerosis rats. Methods Three groups of 24 uistar rats were studied: 9 as normal control, 6 as glomerulosclerosis group induced by unilateral nephrectomy and injection of adriamycin, and 9 glomerulosclerosis rats treated with pedicled omental transposition surgery as pedicted omental transposition group. Results Pedicled omental trans-position group could not only decrease the accumulation of extracellular matrix( P<0.05), but also the expression of type IV collagen mRNA (P<0.05). Conclusion Pedicled omental transposition may decrease the accumulation of extracellular matrix and attenuate glomerulosclerosis by down-regulating type IV collagen mRNA expression.