Objective To investigate the effect of Piperazine Ferulate on residual renal function(RRF) in hemodialysis(HD) patients. Methods Thirty-two maintenance hemodialysis(MHD) patients of uremia were divided into two groups randomly. Sixteen patients in the treated group and sixteen in the control group. All patients were treated by bicarbonate HD. The blood and dialysate flow, treating time, dialyser and recursive times were the same, but the patients of the treated group combined with Piperazine Ferulate 5 tablets (each tablet contains Piperazine Ferulate 50mg) 3 times per day. The therapeutic course were 24 months. The changes in general condition, blood pressure(BP), body weight(BW), hemoglobin(Hb), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), albumin(Alb), pre-albumin(PA) before and after treatment were observed. RRF and amount of urine were measured before and after 6,12,24 months' treatment respectively. Results In the treated group ,after treatment, the decline of RRF and amount of urine were significantly slower than those in the control group (P<0.05～0.01), significant improvement were revealed in aspects of Hb, BW, Alb, PA in the treated group, as compared with those in the control group (P<0.05～0.01).Also the levels of BP in former were markedly better than later group (P<0.05).No significant changes of Alb and PA were observed in the control group. Conclusion Piperazine Ferulate was effective in slowing down the decrease of RRF and amount of urine, improving nutritional condition and quality of life in patients of uremia treated by HD.