Objective To examine the validity and security of Fe(OH)3-sucrose-compond (Venofer) on renal anemia of hemodialysis (HD) patients. Methods Thirty HD patients were dividied into venofer group (VG) and oral iron group (OIG) randomly and there were 15 patients in each group 200mg venofer that was dissolved in 100ml of 0.9% Nacl solution were used while the patients in VG group accepted HD until reacted the total iron deficit；200mg amber acid subiron (AASI) was taken by the patients in OIG gorup three times a day and 8 weeks in total. Erythropoietine (EPO) was used at a dose of 50u/Kg/time by hypodermic in each group. The effect and security of venofer and AASI on renal anemia were observed and compared. Results The anaemia of each group was improved after treatment. Hb was inareased at a speed of (4.5±2.0)g/L every week in VG group, and 60% patients in VG group reached the target goal (110g) in 8 weeks. The mean EPO used was about 45ku in VG group, which was 37.5% lower than OIG group: The Hbin OIG group was increased at a speed of (1.5±0.8)g/L every week and nopatients reached the torget goal in 8 weeks. The mean EPO used was about 72ku. There were significant difference between the two groups (P<0.01). Conclusion Venofer that aid for EPO is better than oral iron, and the incident rate of adverse reaction is lower in curing renal anemia, therefore, it can be used for long period to HD patients which is short of iron. 