Objective To investigate the relationship between the serum level of C-reactive protein(CRP) and persistent Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP) infection in patients with uremia. Methods Fifty uremia patients serum level of CRP was detected and CP DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) was determined by polymerase chain reaction(PCR). Results ①The serum level of CRP in some patients than normal were higher; ②There were different positive rate of CP DNA in hemodialysis and non dialysis patients; ③The positive rate of CP DNA in patients with high level of CRP was significantly higher than that in patients with nomal level of CRP. Conclusions High level of CRP in the patients with uremia may be correlated with persistent CP infection.