Objective To analyze cardiovascular risk factors in maintenance hemodialysis（MHD）patients. Methods Fourty-two MHD cases and 20 cardiovascular disease (CVD) cases without renal failure were enrolled. The 42 MHD patients were divided into CVD group and non- CVD group. Blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), serum creatinine(SCr), albumin(Alb), pre-albumin(PA), cholesterol(TCH), hemoglobin(Hb), and ferritin were detected. Results The data of BMI, Alb, PA, TCH, and Hb of CVD without renal failure was higher than that of MHD(P<0.01). The level of ferritin was lower than that of MHD (P<0.01). In MHD, the level of BMI, Scr of pre-HD, Alb, PA, TCH, and Hb of CVD group was lower than that of non-CVD group (P<0.01). The level of serum ferritin and the ratio of SBP higher than 160mmHg and lower than 110mmHg of CVD group were higher than those of non-CVD group ( P<0.01). Conclusion The cardiovascular risk factors in MHD patients probably included low body mass index, low serum creatinine, hypoalbuminemia, low pre-albumin, hypocholesterolemia, low hemoglobin, high ferritin, and hypertension or hypotension.