Objective To evaluate the transfection efficiency of nuclear factor κB（NFκB）decoy Oligodeoxynucletides (ODN)into donor kidney and the influnence of decoy ODN on the expression of chemokines of the renal grafts. Methods The rats were divided into 4 groups. Control group: the Wistar rats underwent the sham operation and the kidney was harvested after 6h. ECs roup: The donor kidney was stored for 6h under of hypothermic and hypoxia condition in ECs without ODN/Liposome complexes, then the donor kidney was transplanted into a SD recipient. The allograft was harvested at 6h posttransplantation. Decoy ODN group: The donor kidney was stored for 6h in ECs containing 1μM Liposome/decoy ODN complexes under hypothermic and hypoxia condition, then the donor kidney was transplanted into a SD recipient. The allograft was harvested at 6h posttransplantation. Scrambled ODN group: The donor kidney was stored for 6h in ECs containing 1μM Liposome/scrambled ODN complexes under hypothermal and hypoxia condition, then the donor kidney was transplanted into a SD recipient, and at 6h posttransplantation the allograft was harvested. The distribution of FITC-labeled ODN in renal tissue were observed by fluorescence microscope and TCS SP2 Confocal microscope. The gene expression of ICAM-1 VCAM-1 CINC in renal allografts were detected by RT-PCR. Result FITC-labeled ODN was mainly distributed in glomeruli of the transfected renal allograft at 15min posttransplantation, and mainly in glomeruli and the renal tubules at 6h posttransplantation. The most of ODN was transduced into nuclei at 6h posttransplantation. The fluroscence cann`t be seen in the ECs group. Compared to the control group, the gene expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1,CINC was observably increased in ECs group ( P>0.05); it was significantly inhibited in the decoy ODN group ( P<0.05) compared to the ECs group and the scram.ODN group. There was no significant difference between the ECs group and the scram.ODN group ( P>0.05). Conclusion Decoy ODN can be efficiently transfected into kidney using in vivo liposome method in ECs under hypothermic and hypoxic condition; The renal allo- graft treated with decoy ODN can inhibit the gene expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, CINC.