Objective To investigate the main etiologic and treatment status of maintain hemodialysis patients, 2001 cases were analyzed in the causes of ESRD, the status of erythropoietin`s application, treatment of anti-hypertension, the level of plasma albumin, and total cholesterol level. Results Chronic glomerulonephritis accounted for 49.07% as the leading cause of ESRD, followed by hypertensive nephropathy (16.99%), and diabetic nephropathy(12.04%). the mobidity of hypertension is 81.51%, which need multiple drugs in the anti-hypertension treatment. The patients with blood pressure <140/90 mmHg is 58.98%. The use rate of erythropoietin is 85.51%. There are 48.33% patients whose Hb reach higher than 90g/L. Hb>110g/L rate is 16.89%. There are 33.33% patient whose plasma albumin concentrateion is<35g/L. and there are 12.14% patients whose plasma albumin concentration is <30 g/L. Conclusion Chronic glomerulonephritis, hypertensive nephropathy, diabetic nephropathy are the main causes of ESRD, The effect of anti-hypertension and renal anemia treatment is unsatisfactory.