Objective To investigate whether the TGFβ1 antisense oligonucleotides(ASON) inhibit proliferation of human peritoneal mesothelial cell and expression of fibronectin (FN). Methods ①Isolated human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC) were cultured,the tertiary cultured HPMC were treated with F12 without serum (control group)，F12 with TGF-beta1 sense oligodeoxynucleotides（sense group）, F12 with TGF-beta1 antisense oligodeoxynucleotides（antisense group）, F12 with TGF-beta1missense oligonucleotides（missense group）, ② synthesized phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotides and their sense or missense oligonucleotides, and then treated HPMC with these oligonucleotides, cationic liposorne lipofect AMINE 2000 complexes at different time. The protein expression of FN was measured by ELISA methods, mRNA of FN was measured by RT-PCR methods. Results ①the TGF-β1 ASON could inhibit the HPMC proliferation at 24h or 48 h; ②FN protein expression was lower in antisense group than other groups（P<0.05）；③FN mRNA expression in antisense group was downregulated compared with other groups. Conclusion TGF-β1 ASON can inhibit；HPMC proliferation and overexpression of FN