Objective To investigate the clinical indication and complication of peritoneal dialysis using different types of dialysis catheters. Methodology Sixty-eight patients with end stage renal disease on peritoneal dialysis were divided into two groups. Twenty-eight patients used Tenckhoff-coil catheter were assigned in group 1, and 40 patients used swan-neck straight type catheter were in group 2. They were followed up for more than 6 months. Their in/out flow rate of dialysate, infection at tunnel and exit-site, catheter dislocation and dialysate leakage were observed. Results There were no differences in flow rate of dialysate drainage and infection rate at tunnel and exit-site between group 1 and group 2 (P>0.05). Tenckhoff-coil catheter was often replaced by swan-neck straight type catheter due to the higher dislocation rate associated with the former catheter (17.8% vs. 5%). Conclusion Catheter dislocation rate was lower in patients using swan-neck straight type catheter than in those using Tenckhoff-coil catheter. However, swan-neck straight type catheter was often associated with inadequate drainage or blockage. The drainage efficiency of swan-neck straight type catheter can be significantly improved after adjustment of the angle between outer segment of the tube and abdomen median line during insertion of the catheter.