Abstract: 【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the incidence of malignancies and its related factors, clinical features and prognosis in patients on maintenance dialysis. Methods We recruited 166 maintenance hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis patients into a cross-sectional study, to investigate the incidence of malignant tumors and the clinical features of the malignancies. We also used logistic regression analysis method to disclose the tumor-related factors. Results Among the 166 maintenance dialysis patients, 11 cases (6.62%) developed malignant tumors. Logistic regression analysis showed that age and hemoglobin level were the independent risk factors relateing to tumors. In the 11 patients, 36% of the patients had unexplained weight loss, and 82% exhibited refractory anemia. All of the patients with urinary tumors presented intermittent and painless gross hematuria. Early diagnosis was achieved in 5 patients, who could be treated with surgery (radical or palliative operation) and/or chemotherapy and whose survival time has been lasted for 4 to 29 months (average 14 months). The malignancies of the remaining 6 patients were diagnosed at late stage (3 to 6 months later), so that no specific therapy could be used and two of them died. Conclusions The incidence of malignant tumor was significantly higher in maintenance dialysis patients than in the general population. Age and hemoglobin level were two independent risk factors relating to malignant tumors. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to improve their prognosis.

Key words: Hemodialysis, Peritoneal dialysis, Malignant tumor, Clinical features, Related factors