【Abstract】 Background High-flux hemodialysis has been proven to be beneficial in reducing patients morbidity, even mortality, by removing middle molecules uremic toxins, while comparing with low-flux hemodialysis. Current prospective, self-controled study designed to detect whether changing to high-flux dialysis could efficiently reduce blood 2-microglobulin (2M) levels and improve chronic inflammation status in patients with maintain low-flux hemodialysis. 200 patients with maintain low-flux hemodialysis coming from 3 hemodialysis centers in Beijing were included. After switching to high-flux dialysis, all dialysis prescription kept unchanged except changed from using low-flux dialyzer to high-flux F60 or FX60 dialyzer. Ultrapure dialysate were implied. Predialysis blood samples were collected for detecting 2M, high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) and cystatin C levels at 0, 3 and 6 months after entering the study. The plasma 2M levels decreasing significantly after shifting to high-flux dialysis, which were (39.9219.14) mg/L、(27.3119.16) mg/L (P＜0.001 vs 0 month) and (33.0310.96) mg/L (P＜0.001 vs 0 month) respectively at 0, 3 and 6 months. Plasma hsCRP levels were lowered as well, which were (11.2321.77) mg/L、(8.3711.61) mg/L (P=0.0412) and (8.8211.66) mg/L respectively at 0, 3 and 6 months. The levels of plasma Cystatin C kept unchanged during the study process. The results show that shifting from low-flux to high-flux hemodialysis could efficiently remove 2M from blood, and improved inflammation status in maintain dialysis patients.