【Abstract】Objective To explored the bone mineral loss or osteoporosis in elderly population on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Methods 56 aged patients on MHD in the blood purification center of Nephrology department of Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University were recruited as test group, 52 young patients on MHD and 43 elderly patients with dialysis-independent end stage renal disease (ESRD) were selected as control groups. The patients age, sex, height, body weight, bone fracture events, and so on were recorded. Mineral density of spinal bone (L1～L4) and femoral bone were measured by dual energy X ray absorptiometry. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. Results The frequency of femoral osteoporosis in elderly dialysis group was higher than those in non-dialysis aged group and the young dialysis group (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences in frequency of lumbar osteoporosis across groups (P＞0.05).The old women of lumbar osteoporosis in elderly men with high significant difference (P<0.05).Conclusion Elderly patients on maintenance hemodialysis are more likely to suffer from femoral osteoporosis