【Abstract】 Objective To explore the correlation of blood pressure subtype with the prevalence of left ventricle hypertrophy (LVH) and the left ventricle remodeling in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. Methods One hundred and twenty-seven CAPD patients were enrolled in this study. Patients were divided into four groups: (1) normotension group (n=46): systolic blood pressure (SBP) <140mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) <90mmHg; (2) isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) group (n=42): SBP ≥140mmHg and DBP <90mmHg; (3) systolic-diastolic hypertension (SDH) group (n= 39): SBP ≥140mmHg and DBP≥90mmHg; (4) isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH) group (n=0): SBP <140 mmHg and DBP ≥90 mmHg. Cardiac function and cardiovascular hemodynamic indices were assessed by echocardiography. Blood biochemical examinations were conducted. Results There were no differences in basic information, lipid metabolism status and anemia among the 3 groups (P>0.05). SBP, DBP, mean arterial pressure and pulse pressure were greater in SDH group than in ISH group, and were greater in ISH group than in normotension group (P<0.01). Left ventricular mass (LVM) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were higher in ISH and SDH groups than in normotension group (P<0.05). The prevalence of LVH was 76.2% in ISH group, and was 71.8% in SDH group, higher than that in normotension group (50%, P<0.01). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) were lower in SDH and ISH groups than in normotension group (P<0.01). Left ventricular end diastolic dimension (LVEDD) and left ventricular end systolic dimension (LVESD) were higher in SDH and ISH groups than in normotension group (P<0.01). The ratio between early (E) and late (atrial, A) ventricular filling velocity (E/A ratio) was higher in SDH group than in ISH and normotension groups (P<0.01). Total peripheral resistance (TPR) and total peripheral resistance index (TPRI) were higher in SDH group than in ISH and normotension groups (P<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk to develop LVH was 2.01 folds higher in ISH group and 1.74 folds higher in SDH group than in normotension group. Other risk factors for LVH included female (B=1.36, P<0.012) and dialysis duration (B=0.029, P<0.045). Conclusions In CAPD patients, the risk for LVH was higher in SDH and ISH groups than in normotension group. Blood pressure subtype was an independent risk factor for LVH. Patients with ISH and SDH had a higher risk for left ventricular remodeling. ISH had a greater impact on cardiac remodeling and a higher risk for LVH.