Objective To investigate the relationshipbetween outpatient follow-up frequency and survival in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, and its influential factors. MethodThe study enrolled 202 incident patients who started PD between September 2006 and September 2008.All of them was divided into two groups according to outpatientfollow-up frequency, one group who were followed up once a month,and the other group who were followed up more than one month.The general information and clinical data were reviewed retrospectively, includinglaboratory indexes,nutrition state, comorbidities,and outcome. ResultsThere were no significant differences between two groups on thebaseline, exceptthe proportion of residence inrural(p=0.005). At the end-point of research, the groupwho were followed up more than one month had higher incidenceof hypertension (p=0.000)，lower of serum albumin (p=0.028), higher of serum phosphorus(p=0.001), and higher incidenceof malnutrition evaluated by SGA (p=0.046). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis had shown that the groupwho were followed up once a month had higher patient survival and technical survival than the groupwho wre followed up more than one month significantly (p=0.001, p=0.002).ConclusionThe outpatient follow-uponce a month can result inbetterprognosis in PD patients.